反正译:英语从反面表达,汉语从正面表达
I. 英语从反面表达,汉语从正面表达 |
反正译是用变换语气的方法把原文的否定式译成汉语的肯定式。翻译时恰当地运用这一方法可以使译文自然流畅。英语中的 not ... until结构和双重否定结构常用这种方法来翻译。另外,no less than、no more than、nothing but、cannot ... too等含有否定词语的结构也常用反正译的方法来表达。例如: |
1. Metals do not melt until heated to a definite temperature. 金属要加热到一定温度才会熔化。 2. He doesn't do it for nothing.他这样做是有道理的。 3. There is no rule but has exceptions. 凡规则总有例外。 4. Never too old to learn. 活到老,学到老。 5. She is no less diligent than her sister. 她和她姐姐一样用功。 6. I have no more than ten dollars in my pocket. 我口袋里只有十美元。 7. Early computers did nothing but compute: adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing. 早期的计算机只能做加减乘除运算。 8. The experiment couldn't be more successful.这次实验很成功。 9. We cannot be too careful in doing experiments. 我们做实验越仔细越好。 |
II. 常用结构译法介绍 |
so as to:"so as + 动词不定式"通常表示目的,一般放在句末,且多用于口语。其语气比单独用动词不定式强,比in order to弱,意思是“为的是”。该结构有时也表示结果,翻译时要灵活处理。一般可译为“为(了)”、“要”、“以(便)”、“使得”或“结果”、“以至”等。例如: |
1. He tried to shout so as to be heard all along the street. 他竭力叫喊,使得全街都能听见。[目的] 2. He was afraid of making any noise so as to be heard by the baby. 他怕弄出声来让孩子听见。[结果] |
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