It is a task which can be attempted in various of ways, some of which are 1._____

　　more appropriate than others. When the material to be learned is 2._____

　　a brief and simple kind which is familiar with the person and of intense 3._____

　　interest to him, effective learning usually proceeds automatically.

　　In the first place, the person at once relates the material to other

　　material which has already securely learned. Subsequently, the relevance 4._____

　　of the newly learned material to his interests assures its being 5.______

　　recalled on many occasions; and one repetition minimizes 6.______

　　the likelihood of remembering. Furthermore, the subsequent use 7.______

　　of the new material is likely to take place in a variety of contexts

　　and, so, the material becomes related to a narrower range of other material. 8.___

　　Because of all this, the material is rapidly learned, long retained,

　　and recalled with increasingly readiness in a variety of 9._____

　　contexts. Without really trying, the person had fulfilled a 10._____

　　few important conditions of effective learning.

　　1.第一个 of 去掉

　　2. is 后加 of

　　3. with 改为to

　　4. has改为 is 或者在has后加been

　　5. assures 改为 ensures

　　6. one 改为this / the

　　7. remembering改为 forgetting

　　8. narrower 改为 wider

　　9. increasingly改为 increasing

10. had 改为 has

When initially introducing into the market, the process 1._____
　　of adoption is slow. The early models are expensive and

　　hard to use, and perhaps even unsafe. The economic

　　impact is relatively great. 2. _____

　　The second phase is the explosive one, where the innovation

　　was rapidly adopted by a large number of people. It gets 3. _____

　　cheaper and easier to use and becomes something familiar.

　　And then in the third stage, diffusion of the innovation

　　slows down again, as if it permeates out across the economy. 4. _____

　　During the explosive phase, whole new industries spring

　　up to produce the new product or innovation, and to service

　　it. For example, during the 1920s, there was dramatic 5. _____

　　acceleration in auto production, from 1.9 million in 1920

　　to 4.5 million in 1929. This boom was accompanied with all 6. _____

　　sorts of other essential activities necessary for an

　　auto-based nation: Roads had to been built for the cars to 7. _____

　　run on; refineries and oil wells, to provide the gasoline;

　　and garages, to repair it. 8. _____

　　Historically, the same pattern is repeated again and again

　　with innovations. The construction of the electrical system

　　requested an enormous early investment in generation and 9. _____

　　distribution capacity. The introduction of the radio was

　　followed by a buying spree (无节制的狂热行为) by Americans

　　what quickly brought radios into almost half of all households 10. _____

　　by 1930, up from nearly none in 1924.

　　1. introducing改 introduced;

　　2. great 改 small;

　　3. was 改 is;

　　4. as 后面的 if 去掉；

　　5. was 后面加a;

　　6. with 改 by;

　　7. been 改 be;

　　8. it 改 them;

　　9. requested 改 required;

　　10. what 改 that.