$GPSTN
Multiple Data ID.
This sentence is transmitted before each individual sentence where there is a need for the Listener to determine the exact source of data in the system. Examples might include dual-frequency depthsounding equipment or equipment that integrates data from a number of sources and produces a single output.
$--STN,xx
xx = Talker ID number, 00 to 99
$GPVBW
Dual Ground / Water Speed
Water referenced and ground referenced speed data.
$--VBW,x.x,x.x,A,x.x,x.x,A
x.x = Longitudinal water speed, knots
x.x = Transverse water speed, knots
A = Status: Water speed, A = Data valid
x.x = Longitudinal ground speed, knots
x.x = Transverse ground speed, knots
A = Status: Ground speed, A = Data valid
$GPVTG
Track Made Good and Ground Speed.
eg1. $GPVTG,360.0,T,348.7,M,000.0,N,000.0,K*43 eg2. $GPVTG,054.7,T,034.4,M,005.5,N,010.2,K*41
054.7,T True course made good over ground, degrees 034.4,M Magnetic course made good over ground, degrees 005.5,N Ground speed, N=Knots 010.2,K Ground speed, K=Kilometers per hour
eg3. for NMEA 0183 version 3.00 active the Mode indicator field is added at the end $GPVTG,054.7,T,034.4,M,005.5,N,010.2,K,A*53 A Mode indicator (A=Autonomous, D=Differential, E=Estimated, N=Data not valid)
$GPWPL
Waypoint location
eg1. $GPWPL,4917.16,N,12310.64,W,003*65
4917.16,N Latitude of waypoint 12310.64,W Longitude of waypoint 003 Waypoint ID
When a route is active, this sentence is sent once for each waypoint in the route, in sequence. When all waypoints have been reported, GPR00 is sent in the next data set. In any group of sentences, only one WPL sentence, or an R00 sentence, will be sent.
eg2. $GPWPL,5128.62,N,00027.58,W,EGLL*59 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 5128.62 Latitude of nth waypoint on list 2 N North/South 3 00027.58 Longitude of nth waypoint 4 W East/West 5 EGLL Ident of nth waypoint 6 *59 checksum
$GPXTE
Cross Track Error, Measured
eg1. $GPXTE,A,A,0.67,L,N
A General warning flag V = warning (Loran-C Blink or SNR warning) A Not used for GPS (Loran-C cycle lock flag) 0.67 cross track error distance L Steer left to correct error (or R for right) N Distance units - Nautical miles
eg2. $GPXTE,A,A,4.07,L,N*6D 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 A validity 2 A cycle lock 3 4.07 distance off track 4 L steer left (L/R) 5 N distance units 6 *6D checksum
$GPZDA
UTC Date / Time and Local Time Zone Offset
Example 1: $GPZDA,hhmmss.ss,xx,xx,xxxx,xx,xx
hhmmss.ss = UTC xx = Day, 01 to 31 xx = Month, 01 to 12 xxxx = Year xx = Local zone description, 00 to +/- 13 hours xx = Local zone minutes description (same sign as hours)
Example 2: $GPZDA,024611.08,25,03,2002,00,00*6A
| Field | Example | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Sentence ID | $GPZDA | |
| UTC Time | 024611.08 | UTC time |
| UTC Day | 25 | UTC day (01 to 31) |
| UTC Month | 03 | UTC month (01 to 12) |
| UTC Year | 2002 | UTC year (4 digit format) |
| Local zone hours | 00 | Offset to local time zone in hours (+/- 00 to +/- 59) |
| Local zone minutes | 00 | Offset to local time zone in minutes (00 to 59) |
| Checksum | *6A |
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12 interpreted Garmin proprietary sentences transmitted by GPS unit
$HCHDG - Compass Heading $PGRMB - DGPS Beacon Information $PGRMC - Sensor Configuration Information $PGRMC1 - Additional Sensor Configuration Information $PGRME - Estimated Position Error $PGRMF - GPS Position Fix Data $PGRMI - Sensor Initialization Information $PGRMM - Map Datum $PGRMT - Sensor Status Information $PGRMV - 3D Velocity Information $PGRMZ - Altitude Information $PSLIB - Tune DPGS Beacon Receiver
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$HCHDG
Compass Heading
This sentence is used on Garmin eTrex summit, Vista and GPS76S receivers to output the value of the internal flux-gate compass. Only the magnetic heading and magnetic variation is shown in the message.
$HCHDG,101.1,,,7.1,W*3C
where:
HCHDG Magnetic heading, deviation, variation
101.1 heading
,, deviation (no data)
7.1,W variation
$PGRMB
DGPS Beacon Information
$PGRMB,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9*HH
1 = Tune frequency, Kilohertz (283.5 - 325.0 in 0.5 steps)
2 = Bit rate, Bits / second (0, 25, 50, 100, 200)
3 = SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), 0 - 31
4 = Data Quality, 0 - 100
5 = Distance to beacon reference station
6 = Distance unit (K=Kilometres)
7 = Receiver communication status (0=Check wiring, 1=No signal, 2=Tuning, 3=Receiving, 4=Scanning)
8 = Fix source (R=RTCM, W=WAAS, N=Non-DPGS fix)
9 = DGPS Mode (A=Automatic, W=WAAS only, R=RTCM Only, N=None; DGPS disabled)
HH = Checksum
$PGRME
Estimated Position Error
eg. $PGRME,15.0,M,45.0,M,25.0,M*22
15.0,M Estimated horizontal position error (HPE), M=metres 45.0,M Estimated vertical position error (VPE), M=metres 25.0,M Overall spherical equivalent position error, M=metres
$PGRMF
GPS Position Fix Data
$PGRMF,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15*HH
1 = GPS week number
2 = GPS seconds in current week
3 = UTC date, ddmmyy format
4 = UTC time, hhmmss format
5 = GPS leap second count
6 = Latitude, dddmm.mmmm format
7 = Latitude hemisphere, N or S
8 = Longitude, dddmm.mmmm format
9 = Longitude hemisphere, E or W
10 = Mode (M=Manual, A=Automatic)
11 = Fix type (0=No fix, 1=2D fix, 2=3D fix)
12 = Speed over ground, kilometres / hour
13 = Course over ground, degrees true
14 = PDOP (Position dilution of precision), rounded to nearest integer
15 = TDOP (Time dilution of precision), rounded to nearest integer
HH = Checksum
$PGRMM
Map datum
Example 1: $PGRMM,Astrln Geod '66*51
'Astrln Geod 66' = Name of currently active datum
Example 2: $PGRMM,NAD27 Canada*2F
'NAD27 Canada' = Name of currently active datum
$PGRMT
Sensor Status Information
$PGRMT,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9*HH
1 = Garmin product model and software version (eg. GPS 16 VER 2.10)
2 = ROM checksum test (P=Pass, F=Fail)
3 = Receiver failure discrete (P=Pass, F=Fail)
4 = Stored data lost (R=Retained, L=Lost)
5 = Real time clock lost (R=Retained, L=Lost)
6 = Oscillator drift discrete (P=Pass, F=Excessive drift detected)
7 = Data collection discrtete (C=Collecting, Null=Not Collecting)
8 = GPS sensor temperature (Degrees C)
9 = GPS sensor configuration data (R=Retained, L=Lost)
HH = Checksum
$PGRMV
3D Velocity Information
$PGRMV,1,2,3*HH
1 = True east velocity, metres / sec
2 = True north velocity, metres / sec
3 = Upward velocity, metres / sec
HH = Checksum
$PGRMZ
Altitude Information
eg1. $PGRMZ,246,f,3*1B eg2. $PGRMZ,93,f,3*21
93,f Altitude in feet 3 Position fix dimensions 2 = user altitude 3 = GPS altitude This sentence shows in feet, regardless of units shown on the display.
eg3. $PGRMZ,201,f,3*18 1 2 3
1 201 Altitude 2 F Units - f-Feet 3 checksum
$PSLIB
Tune DPGS Beacon Receiver
Proprietary Differential Control sentences to control a Starlink differential beacon receiver, assuming Garmin's DBR is made by Starlink.
eg1. $PSLIB,290.5,100,J*22 eg2. $PSLIB,300.0,200,K*23
These two sentences are normally sent together in each group of sentences from the GPS.
The three fields are: Frequency, bit Rate, Request Type. The value in the third field may be: J = status request, K = configuration request, blank = tuning message.
When the GPS receiver is set to change the DBR frequency or baud rate, the "J" sentence is replaced (just once) by (for example): $PSLIB,320.0,200*59 to set the DBR to 320 KHz, 200 baud.
To tune a Garmin GBR 21, GBR 23 or equivalent beacon receiver.
$PSLIB,1,2*HH [ Top ]
A few Garmin GPS receiver units are known to receive these sentences, including the GPS 16 and GPS 17 modules.
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Sensor Configuration Information
Used to configure the GPS sensor's operation. The GPS will also transmit this sentence upon receiving this same sentence or the $PGRMCE sentence.
$PGRMC,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14*HH Sensor Configuration Information Enquiry
The unit will respond by transmitting a $PGRMC sentence containing the current default values.
$PGRMCE*HH Additional Sensor Configuration Information
Used to configure additional aspects of the GPS sensor's operation. The GPS will also transmit this sentence upon receiving this same sentence or the $PGRMC1E sentence.
$PGRMC1,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9*HH Additional Sensor Configuration Information Enquiry
The unit will respond by transmitting a $PGRMC1 sentence containing the current default values.
$PGRMC1E*HH Sensor Initialization Information
Used to set the GPS sensor's set time and position and then commences satellite acquisition. The GPS will also transmit this sentence upon receiving this same sentence or the $PGRMIE sentence.
$PGRMI,1,2,3,4,5,6,7*HH Sensor Initialization Information Enquiry
The unit will respond by transmitting a $PGRMI sentence containing the current default values.
$PGRMIE*HH Output Sentence Enable / Disable
$PGRMO,xxxxx,n*HH [ Top ]
Where a numeric latitude or longitude is given, the two digits immediately to the left of the decimal point are whole minutes, to the right are decimals of minutes, and the remaining digits to the left of the whole minutes are whole degrees.
eg. 4533.35 is 45 degrees and 33.35 minutes. ".35" of a minute is exactly 21 seconds.
eg. 16708.033 is 167 degrees and 8.033 minutes. ".033" of a minute is about 2 seconds.
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This information on NMEA sentences has been sourced from all over the 'net and I make no apologies for any inaccuracies or errors. Still, it's useful stuff. I wish to thank all the sources, which are listed on my GPS Links page. Please contact me if you know of freely available interpretations of sentences which are not on this page.
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1 = Beacon tune frequency, Kilohertz (283.5 - 325.0 in 0.5 steps)
2 = Beacon bit rate, Bits / second (0, 25, 50, 100, 200
HH = Checksum
8 interpreted Garmin proprietary sentences received by GPS unit
$PGRMC - Sensor Configuration Information
$PGRMCE - Sensor Configuration Information Enquiry
$PGRMC1 - Additional Sensor Configuration Information
$PGRMC1E - Additional Sensor Configuration Information Enquiry
$PGRMI - Sensor Initialization Information
$PGRMIE - Sensor Initialization Information Enquiry
$PGRMO - Output Sentence Enable / Disable
$PSLIB - Tune DPGS Beacon Receiver
$PGRMC
1 = Fix mode (A=Automatic, 2=2D exclusively; host system must supply altitude, 3=3D exclusively)
2 = Altitude above/below mean sea level, metres
3 = Earth datum index. If the user datum index is specified (96), fields 4 to 8 must contain valid values, otherwise they must be blank.
4 = Semi-major axis, metres, 0.001 metre resolution
5 = Inverse flattening factor, 285 to 310, 10e-9 resolution
6 = Delta X earth centred coordinate, metres, -5000 to 5000, 1 metre resolution
7 = Delta Y earth centred coordinate, metres, -5000 to 5000, 1 metre resolution
8 = Delta Z earth centred coordinate, metres, -5000 to 5000, 1 metre resolution
9 = Differential mode (A=Automatic; output DGPS fixes when available otherwise non-DGPS, D=Only output differential fixes)
10 = NMEA 0183 baud rate (1=1200, 2=2400, 3=4800, 4=9600, 5=19200, 6=300, 7=600)
11 = Velocity filter (0=None, 1=Automatic, 2-255=Filter time constant; seconds)
12 = PPS mode (1=None, 2=1 Hertz)
13 = PPS pulse length, N = 0 to 48. Length (milliseconds) = (N+1)*20
14 = Dead reckoning valid time, 1 to 30, seconds
HH = Checksum
$PGRMCE
HH = Checksum
$PGRMC1
1 = NMEA 0183 output time, 1-900, seconds (Not applicable to GPS16A)
2 = Binary phase output data (1=Off, 2=On)
3 = Position pinning (1=Off, 2=On)
4 = DGPS beacon frequency, Kilohertz, 283.5 to 325.0 in 0.5 steps
5 = DGPS beacon bit rate (0, 25, 50, 100, 200)
6 = DGPS beacon scanning (1=Off, 2=On)
7 = NMEA 0183 version 3.00 mode indicator (1=Off, 2=On)
8 = DGPS mode (A=Automatic, W=WAAS only, R=RTCM only, N=None; DGPS disabled)
9 = Power save mode (P=Activated, N=Normal)
HH = Checksum
$PGRMC1E
HH = Checksum
$PGRMI
1 = Latitude, dddmm.mmm format
2 = Latitude hemisphere, N or S
3 = Longitude, dddmm.mmm format
4 = Longitude hemisphere, N or S
5 = Current UTC date, ddmmyy format
6 = Current UTC time, hhmmss format
7 = Receiver command (A=Auto locate, R=Unit reset)
HH = Checksum
$PGRMIE
HH = Checksum
$PGRMO
xxxxx = Target sentence name (eg. GPGGA, GPGSA)
n = Target mode (0=Disable specified sentence, 1=Enable specified sentence, 2=Disable all output sentences except PSLIB, 3=Enable all output sentences except GPALM, 4=Restore factory defaults)
HH = Checksum
Format of latitudes and longitudes
References
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